Interview with Molly Wharton and Marlene Cartter for Ethnic Studies 110 about Marlene Cartter's personal history and heritage. [00:00:00] Interview begins with a discussion of Cartter's family traditions, ethnicity, holiday celebrations, and family stories. [00:06:46] Cartter then describes growing up in San Gabriel and the neighbors, as well as her first encounters with class differences and discrimination in grammar school. [00:20:20] She then continues by describing her experiences in high school and having a class counselor advise her to not take college preparation courses and instead prepare to become a secretary once she left high school. [00:26:00] Carter then describes the difficulties of working and going to Cal State Los Angeles without support or a mentor. [00:30:00] She then explains her first job volunteering for Bobby Kennedy's campaign, and her subsequent jobs with the Farm Worker's Union, Congressmen, and for a Santa Barbara Supervisor. [00:40:30] Molly Wharton then asks about Cartter's plans for retirement and any worries she has about Social Security, and Cartter expresses her interest in beading.

In the interview between Cesar Garcia and John Guerra, Garcia asks Guerra about his cultural, upbringing, current experiences, future goals, and his time with the army during Desert Storm.

[00:00:00] Guerra begins by explaining the vast differences between his father's Hispanic family in Mexico and his mother's American family.

[00:04:46] He then discusses his childhood experiences in Brazil and California, and then recalls two moments of racism including when he was deported. [00:11:14] Guerra talks about the cultural differences at college, and getting along with people. [00:13:06] He continues by describing how he met his wife, the difficulties of raising children while going to college, past jobs, and future plans. [00:18:04] Garcia then asks about Guerra's traditions that he continues with his children now, and what effect his time in Brazil has had on his life. [00:22:10] Guerra remembers his time in the army and the three stages of going to the Middle East for the Persian Gulf War, as well as the differences between America and Iraq. [00:31:46] Garcia then asks how these experiences in the war transformed his interpretation of life after the attack of the World Trade Center on September 11th. [00:40:02] Finally Guerra describes his sister's career as a Latina woman in politics, as well as his appreciation of the Dodgers.

Side 1: [00:00:07] Intro - interview with Kazuo Ikeda conducted by Ricardo E. Medina [00:00:36] Ricardo asks about Ikeda's parents' backgrounds and when they arrived in America [00:01:28] Ikeda discusses why his parents left Japan [00:02:28] Ikeda discusses where his father worked and his job as a laborer/migrant worker in King City, notes that he (Kazuo) was born in King City in 1918 [00:03:05] Ikeda discusses how his parents met [00:04:10] Ikeda describes his life in King City, his family members, and his father's decision to send the rest of the family back to Japan [00:05:42] Ikeda discusses going back to Japan and returning again to Santa Maria Valley in 1927 [00:06:38] Ikeda describes his time in Arroyo Grande and the size of the Japanese community in the Central Coast area prior to the war [00:07:49] Ikeda discusses his father's farm land and land ownership [00:08:58] Ikeda recalls where he lived at the time of evacuation [00:09:09] Ikeda recalls his financial situation in regards to the farm [00:09:44] Ikeda discusses his family's religious beliefs within the context of the Japanese community [00:10:47] Ikeda discusses the social and cultural events in the Japanese community, such as Japanese language schools [00:12:00] Ikeda compares the size of the Japanese community at the time of the interview and prior to the war [00:12:28] Ikeda recalls when the war broke out and how his fellow Japanese community members felt at that time and his father's injury [00:14:30] Ikeda recalls how his friends and family got detained [00:15:01] Ikeda describes how he felt upon learning about and leading up to the relocation process and leasing his land [00:18:06] Ikeda recalls the order in which he had to get on the other side of Highway 99 and the option to move voluntarily [00:19:09] Ikeda recalls the moving process, waiting for the order to evacuate, and how their possessions needed to be sold cheaply [00:20:58] Ikeda describes where he stored the belongings that they kept [00:22:41] Ikeda recalls how he got special permission to stay behind while everyone else went to the Tulare Assembly Center [00:23:25] Ikeda recalls how long he was allowed to stay in San Luis Obispo to take care of his father [00:24:59] Ikeda recalls his time at the Tulare Assembly Center and the living conditions there [00:26:20] Ikeda describes how he felt while staying at the Tulare Assembly Center and what excuses he was given as to why they were placed there [00:27:30] Ikeda describes the perception of Japanese people on a local level at the time of the war and propaganda used against them [00:29:15] Ikeda describes his ownership of Japanese memorabilia prior to the war [00:29:50] Ikeda recalls the organization of the Tulare Assembly Center and jobs that people had [00:31:22] Ikeda recalls where he was ordered to where to move afterwards [00:31:50] Ikeda recalls the approximate population at Tulare [00:32:14] Ikeda recalls how he was told that they were going to be sent off to relocation camps [00:34:24] Ikeda recalls his first impression of Gila [00:35:42] Ikeda recalls the conditions of the living quarters [00:36:30] Ikeda recalls the presence of armed guards at the Tulare Assembly Center [00:36:50] Ikeda recalls what he did in Gila and his job as a sanitation inspector [00:38:00] Ikeda describes the jobs his brothers took on [00:40:24] Ikeda recalls the recruitment of workers [00:41:15] Ikeda recalls how the Japanese people organized themselves in the camps [00:42:16] Ikeda recalls his father's goals in coming to the U.S. and his roles within the SLO community Side 2: [00:00:08] Continuation of Ikeda recalling what his father hoped to gain in coming to the U.S. [00:00:21] Ikeda recalls cultural events within the camps and the work ethic of the Japanese American parents (especially among Issei parents) [00:02:44] Ikeda describes how they were treated in the camps and conditions [00:03:29] Ikeda describes what his mother did in the internment camp and caring for his father [00:05:06] Ikeda recalls where he was during the Manzanar Riot and how he felt at that time [00:05:43] Ikeda discusses the loyalty oath [00:08:48] Ikeda recalls how he felt after signing "yes" on the "loyalty oath" [00:10:35] Ikeda recalls how he and other internees were released from Gila to go work on farms [00:12:00] Ikeda discusses working on farms in Idaho and receiving permits that allowed for that [00:14:10] Ikeda recalls not facing hostilities while working [00:16:42] Ikeda recalls what he did and where he went when the internees were released from the camp [00:17:38] Ikeda describes how people people went about returning to their homes in California [00:20:15] Ikeda recalls what possessions he still had upon returning to California [00:20:55] Ikeda describes what he did to subsist and how he was faring upon returning to California [00:22:00] Ikeda recalls the events leading up to meeting his wife [00:24:57] Ikeda discusses farming, marrying his wife, and acquiring more land [00:26:45] Ikeda compares the Japanese families before and after the war, focusing on those that returned to their homes [00:27:41] Ikeda discusses participation in cultural and community events after the war [00:29:44] Ikeda reflects on the evacuation and how it affected his life and community [00:34:04] Ikeda discusses his thoughts on whether or not relocations of minority groups would happen again

[00:00:01] Wilson introduces Sarah Boutelle and provides her academic credentials [00:00:57] Wilson asks how Boutelle went about gathering information for her book [00:01:40] Boutelle states that she wanted to create a full catalog of all of Morgan's buildings [00:02:38] Boutelle says her biggest sources were the people who came to her her lectures in order to tell of Morgan's buildings or clients that Boutelle was unaware of [00:03:08] Boutelle states that the colleges did not have any courses or information on Morgan [00:03:27] Wilson asks how Boutelle gathered plans and office records since Morgan had most of her records destroyed [00:05:23] Boutelle talks about her 180 degree switch on her opinion of William Randolph Hearst through reading his correspondence with Julia Morgan [00:08:16] Boutelle discusses how she found the photographer for her book, Richard Barnes, after seeing his photographs on the cover of California Alumni magazine [00:09:54] Boutelle discusses the attention given to Bernard Maybach's career and mostly denies sexism as the reason why Morgan was often overlooked as an architect [00:12:11] Boutelle talks about Morgan's output as an architect relative to her contemporaries Bernard Maybach and Frank Lloyd Wright [00:14:48] Boutelle talks about Morgan's professional network that was started with her sorority sisters and Phoebe Hearst [00:16:53] Boutelle discusses Morgan's philosophy of design in residential homes that combined California and European styles as a result of her Beau-Arts training for "the plan" [00:18:46] Boutelle talks about Morgan's credo to be an architect without emphasis on her womanhood, but encouraged her female employees to their architectural licenses to be listed as assistant architects [00:21:00] Boutelle discusses other female architects in the Bay Area at the time and their influences from Oakland and buildings around them [00:22:09] Boutelle discusses the 20th century "social movement" of women's clubs and the funding, building, design of the Berkeley City Club [00:24:21] Boutelle states that one of Morgan's most important contributions was her work providing housing for single women as it tackled a social problem and represented a new kind of urban housing [00:25:32] Wilson thanks Buotelle for her contributions and ends the interview

[00:00:01] Intro song, 'The Rose' by Bette Midler [00:00:06] C. J. says she is excited to talk with Sarah Holmes Boutelle about her new book 'Julia Morgan, Architect' [00:00:39] There is a phone connection interference, and C. J. plays a Michael McDonald song while they correct the error [00:01:17] Boutelle is reconnected with the radio station [00:01:36] Boutelle explains how her fascination with Julia Morgan began when she first visited Hearst Castle [00:02:35] Boutelle admits she has spent 14 years researching the life and work of Julia Morgan [00:03:15] Boutelle explains how the modernist era caused the work of Morgan and other California architects to be overlooked [00:03:48] Boutelle talks about how Morgan worked as an architect and and executive until she was 80 years old [00:04:15] Boutelle denies a myth that Morgan dressed as a man to study at the École des Beaux-Arts and explains Morgan's educational career [00:05:44] Boutelle talks about the number of Morgan's buildings that still remain, emphasizing that many of the major buildings remain although some of the residential houses have been destroyed [00:06:34] Boutelle explains Morgan's decision to include swimming pools and recreational amenities in the YWCAs [00:07:18] Boutelle talks about the diverse styles of the past that Morgan worked into her eclectic designs [00:08:08] Boutelle says most people enjoy Morgan's designs but admits she has heard a complaint about too much public space in the Honolulu YWCA [00:08:48] C. J. and Boutelle talk about the Bavarian style of the Hearst Estate in Northern California (Wintoon) [00:09:25] Boutelle tell talks about the importance of the letters that were written between Morgan and Hearst [00:11:07] Boutelle talks about a celebratory event at Asilomar that she will be speaking at soon [00:11:45] C. J. brings up Boutelle's appearance on Jeremy Graham's Bay Area Backroads [00:12:20] C. J. closes the interview and gives the details of Boutelle's book